Effective management deals with effective managers who control and direct people according to established policies and procedures. For organizations to succeed, they need both functions. An effective manager pays attention to many aspects of management, leadership and learning within an organization. Dr. Sam Perkins, a graduate of the Harvard University College of Medicine, had a private practice in internal medicine for 12 years. The Massachusetts governor persuaded Perkins to give up his practice to be director of the State Division of Human Services. Perkins realized after one year of directing that he had made little progress reducing the drawbacks in the division. At that point he decided to research information about management available to him at a local university. 

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